{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:33:43Z","timestamp":1792089223211,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Prometeo #94\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Prometeo #94\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Autophagy and exosome secretion play important roles in a variety of physiological and disease states, including the development of age\u2010related macular degeneration. Previous studies have demonstrated that these cellular mechanisms share common pathways of activation. Low oxidative damage in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201019 cells, alters both autophagy and exosome biogenesis. Moreover, oxidative stress modifies the protein and genetic cargo of exosomes, possibly affecting the fate of surrounding cells. In order to understand the connection between these two mechanisms and their impact on angiogenesis, stressed\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201019 cells were treated with a si\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010targeting Atg7, a key protein for the formation of autophagosomes. Subsequently, we observed the formation of multivesicular bodies and the release of exosomes. Released exosomes contained\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2 as part of their cargo. This receptor for\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2014which is critical for the development of new blood vessels\u2014was higher in exosome populations released from stressed\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201019. While stressed exosomes enhanced tube formation, exosomes became ineffective after silencing\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2 in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201019 cells and were, consequently, unable to influence angiogenesis. Moreover, vessel sprouting in the presence of stressed exosomes seems to follow a\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010independent pathway. We propose that abnormal vessel growth correlates with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VEGFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2\u2010expressing exosomes release from stressed\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARPE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u201019 cells, and is directly linked to autophagy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,22]],"date-time":"2018-08-22T12:18:37Z","timestamp":1534940317000},"page":"5244-5256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Role of retinal pigment epithelium\u2010derived exosomes and autophagy in new blood vessel formation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Atienzar\u2010Aroca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Catholic University of Valencia 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