{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T08:27:26Z","timestamp":1759048046833,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31470888","31670900","81671551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31470888","31670900","81671551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sustained adaptive immunity to pathogens provides effective protection against infections, and effector cells located at the site of infection ensure rapid response to the challenge. Both are essential for the success of vaccine development. To explore new vaccination approach against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic>) infection, we have shown that Rv3615c, identified as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESX<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 substrate protein C of <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic> but not expressed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BCG<\/jats:styled-content>, induced a dominant Th1\u2010type response of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells from patients with tuberculosis pleurisy, which suggests a potential candidate for vaccine development. But subcutaneous immunization with Rv3615c induced modest T\u2010cell responses systemically, and showed suboptimal protection against virulent <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic> challenge at the site of infection. Here, we use a mouse model to demonstrate that intranasal immunization with Rv3615c induces sustained capability of adaptive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010 and B\u2010cell responses in lung parenchyma and airway. Rv3615c contains a dominant epitope of mouse <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, Rv3615c<jats:sub>41\u201050<\/jats:sub>, and elicits <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell response with an effector\u2013memory phenotype and multi\u2010Th1\u2010type cytokine coexpressions. Since T cells resident at mucosal tissue are potent at control of infection at early stage, our data show that intranasal immunization with Rv3615c promotes a sustained regional immunity to <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic>, and suggests a potency in control of <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic> infection. Our study warranties a further investigation of Rv3615c as a candidate for development of effective vaccination against <jats:italic>M.tb<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13965","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,24]],"date-time":"2018-10-24T10:29:25Z","timestamp":1540376965000},"page":"596-609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Intranasal immunization with <i><scp>M<\/scp>ycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> Rv3615c induces sustained adaptive <scp>CD<\/scp>4<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2010cell and antibody responses in the respiratory tract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6203-1553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangping","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Infectious 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