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In this study, we firstly analyzed the expression and clinical significance of them in patients with GBC. Then, cellular assays were performed to clarify their biological role in GBC cells. Moreover, we investigated the molecular mechanisms regulated by SP\/NK\u20101R. Meanwhile, mice xenografted with human GBC cells were analyzed regarding the effects of SP\/NK1R complex in vivo. Finally, patient samples were utilized to investigate the effect of SP\/NK\u20101R. The results showed that SP and NK\u20101R were highly expressed in GBC. We found that SP strongly induced GBC cell proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion, whereas antagonizing NK\u20101R resulted in the opposite effects. Moreover, SP significantly enhanced the expression of NF\u2010\u03baB p65 and the tumor\u2010associated cytokines, while, Akt inhibitor could reverse these effects. Further studies indicated that decreasing activation of NF\u2010\u03baB or Akt diminished GBC cell proliferation and migration. In consistent with results, immunohistochemical staining showed high levels of Akt, NF\u2010\u03baB and cytokines in tumor tissues. Most importantly, the similar conclusion was obtained in xenograft mouse model. Our findings demonstrate that NK\u20101R, after binding with the endogenous agonist SP, could induce GBC cell migration and spreading via modulation of Akt\/NF\u2010\u03baB pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,23]],"date-time":"2019-03-23T04:10:52Z","timestamp":1553314252000},"page":"7961-7973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["SP\/NK\u20101R promotes gallbladder cancer cell proliferation and migration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9657-5030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue\u2010Ting","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Center for Digestive Diseases the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 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