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However, the effects of exosomes from human urine\u2010derived stem cells (USC\u2010Exos) in neurogenesis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether USC\u2010Exos enhanced neurogenesis and promoted functional recovery in brain ischaemia. By using an experimental stroke rat model, we found that intravenous injection of USC\u2010Exos enhanced neurogenesis and alleviated neurological deficits in post\u2010ischaemic stroke rats. We used neural stem cells (NSCs) subjected to oxygen\u2010glucose deprivation\/reoxygenation (OGD\/R) as an in vitro model of ischaemic stroke. The in vitro results suggested that USC\u2010Exos promoted both proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs after OGD\/R. Notably, a further mechanism study revealed that the pro\u2010neurogenesis effects of USC\u2010Exos may be partially attributed to histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibition via the transfer of exosomal microRNA\u201026a (miR\u201026a). Taken together, this study indicates that USC\u2010Exos can be used as a novel promising strategy for brain ischaemia, which highlights the application of USC\u2010Exos.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,31]],"date-time":"2019-10-31T09:47:33Z","timestamp":1572515253000},"page":"640-654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Exosomes from human urine\u2010derived stem cells enhanced neurogenesis via miR\u201026a\/HDAC6 axis after ischaemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiaozheng","family":"Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People' Hospital Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guowei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery 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