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Our study revealed that IDO exerts immunosuppressive effects through two pathways in mouse heart transplantation, \u2018tryptophan depletion\u2019 and \u2018tryptophan metabolite accumulation\u2019. The synergism between IDO<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>DC and TC (tryptophan catabolic products) has stronger inhibitory effects on T lymphocyte proliferation and mouse heart transplant rejection than the two intervention factors alone, and significantly prolong the survival time of donor\u2010derived transplanted skin. This work demonstrates that the combination of IDO<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>DC and TC can induce immune tolerance to a greater extent, and reduce the rejection of transplanted organs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]],"date-time":"2020-02-06T18:41:56Z","timestamp":1581014516000},"page":"3438-3448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Mechanism of indoleamine 2, 3\u2010dioxygenase inhibiting cardiac allograft rejection in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5314-6618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Tianjin General Surgery Institute Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Heping District 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