{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:29:38Z","timestamp":1791286178619,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81573465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81573465"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the most common form of oesophageal malignancies in the Asia\u2010Pacific region, remains a major clinical challenge. In this study, we found that ivermectin, an effective antiparasitic drug that has been approved for patients to orally treat onchocerciasis for over 30\u00a0years, displayed potent antitumour activity against ESCC cells in vitro and in nude mice. We demonstrated that ivermectin significantly inhibited cell viability and colony formation, and induced apoptosis through a mitochondrial\u2010dependent manner in ESCC cells. Ivermectin also abrogated ESCC cell migration, invasion, as well as the protein levels of MMP\u20102 and MMP\u20109. Mechanistically, ivermectin strongly inhibited the expression of PAK1; by further gain\u2010 and loss\u2010of\u2010function experiments, we confirmed that PAK1 played a crucial role in ivermectin\u2010mediated inhibitory effects on ESCC cells. In addition, the data indicated that ivermectin promoted PAK1 degradation through the proteasome\u2010dependent pathway. Additionally, ivermectin synergized with chemotherapeutic drugs including cisplatin and 5\u2010fluorouracil to induce apoptosis of ESCC cells. Interestingly, the in vivo experiments also confirmed that ivermectin effectively suppressed tumour growth and lung metastasis of ESCC. Collectively, these results indicate that ivermectin exerts a potent antitumour activity against ESCC and is a promising therapeutic candidate drug for ESCC patients, even those carrying metastasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T23:04:51Z","timestamp":1585695891000},"page":"5387-5401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Ivermectin suppresses tumour growth and metastasis through degradation of PAK1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Henan University Kaifeng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuning","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Henan University Kaifeng 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