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To date, it is unknown whether galanin can potentiate the effect of leptin on alleviation of insulin resistance. Therefore, in the current study we sought to assess the combined effect of central leptin and galanin on insulin resistance in the adipose tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. Galanin and leptin were injected into the intracerebroventricle of the diabetic rats, respectively, or cooperatively once a day for 2\u00a0weeks. Then, several indexes of insulin resistance were examined. The results showed that glucose infusion rates in the hyperinsulinaemic\u2010euglycaemic clamp test, plasma adiponectin content and GLUT4 translocation, as well as Akt phosphorylation in fat cells, were higher, not GLUT4 protein and GLUT4 mRNA expression, but HOMA index was lower in the galanin\u00a0+\u00a0leptin group than either one of them. Furthermore, treatment with MK\u20102206, an Akt inhibitor, blocked the combined effects of galanin\u00a0+\u00a0leptin on alleviation of insulin resistance. These results suggest that galanin can improve the leptin\u2010induced mitigative effects on insulin resistance in the fat cells, and those provided new insights into the potential tactics for prevention and remedy of insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T11:16:55Z","timestamp":1589282215000},"page":"6773-6780","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cooperative effects of galanin and leptin on alleviation of insulin resistance in adipose tissue of diabetic rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Bu","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology Shanghai 10th People Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 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