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Inhibition of inflammatory osteolysis has become the main target of drug therapy for prosthesis loosening. MiR\u2010106b is a newly discovered miRNA that plays an important role in tumour biology, inflammation and the regulation of bone mass. In this study, we analysed the in vivo effect of miR\u2010106b on wear debris\u2010induced PPO. A rat implant loosening model was established. The rats were then administrated a lentivirus\u2010mediated miR\u2010106b inhibitor, miR\u2010106b mimics or an equivalent volume of PBS by tail vein injection. The expression levels of miR\u2010106b were analysed by real\u2010time PCR. Morphological changes in the distal femurs were assessed via micro\u2010CT and histopathological analysis, and cytokine expression levels were examined via immunohistochemical staining and ELISA. The results showed that treatment with the miR\u2010106b inhibitor markedly suppressed the expression of miR\u2010106b in distal femur and alleviated titanium particle\u2010induced osteolysis and bone loss. Moreover, the miR\u2010106b inhibitor decreased TRAP\u2010positive cell numbers and suppressed osteoclast formation, in addition to promoting the activity of osteoblasts and increasing bone formation. MiR\u2010106b inhibition also significantly regulated macrophage polarization and decreased the inflammatory response as compared to the control group. Furthermore, miR\u2010106b inhibition blocked the activation of the PTEN\/PI3K\/AKT and NF\u2010\u03baB signalling pathways. Our findings indicated that miR\u2010106b inhibition suppresses wear particles\u2010induced osteolysis and bone destruction and thus may serve as a potential therapy for PPO and aseptic loosening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T14:49:17Z","timestamp":1591109357000},"page":"7490-7503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["MiR\u2010106b inhibition suppresses inflammatory bone destruction of wear debris\u2010induced periprosthetic osteolysis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1407-9958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binqing","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 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