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However, a prompt and accurate diagnosis and the treatment of this entity remain formidable challenges. This study tested the hypothesis that<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS) findings could provide reliable living images to accurately identify the degree of acute liver IRI and melatonin\u2010pretreated mitochondria was an innovative treatment for protecting the liver from IRI in rat. Adult male SD rats were categorized into group 1 (sham\u2010operated control), group 2 (IRI only) and group 3 (IRI\u00a0+\u00a0melatonin [ie mitochondrial donor rat received intraperitoneal administration of melatonin] pretreated mitochondria [10\u00a0mg\/per rat by portal vein]). By the end of study period at 72\u00a0hours,<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS showed that, as compared with group 1, the hepatic levels of ATP and NADH were significantly lower in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1. The liver protein expressions of mitochondrial\u2010electron\u2010transport\u2010chain complexes and mitochondrial integrity exhibited an identical pattern to<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS finding. The protein expressions of oxidative stress, inflammatory, cellular stress signalling and mitochondrial\u2010damaged biomarkers displayed an opposite finding of<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS, whereas the protein expressions of antioxidants were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3. Microscopic findings showed that the fibrotic area\/liver injury score and inflammatory and DNA\u2010damaged biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern of cellular stress signalling. Melatonin\u2010pretreated mitochondria effectively protected liver against IRI and<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS was a reliable tool for measuring the mitochondrial\/ATP consumption in living animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,21]],"date-time":"2020-07-21T09:42:22Z","timestamp":1595324542000},"page":"10088-10099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Hepatic<sup>31<\/sup>P\u2010magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified the impact of melatonin\u2010pretreated mitochondria in acute liver ischaemia\u2010reperfusion injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sheung\u2010Fat","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung 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