{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T14:46:27Z","timestamp":1789137987310,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents. The long\u2010term survival rate of OS patients is stubbornly low mainly due to the chemotherapy resistance. We therefore aimed to investigate the antitumoral effects and underlying mechanisms of proanthocyanidin B2 (PB2) on OS cells in the current study. The effect of PB2 on the proliferation and apoptosis of OS cell lines was assessed by CCK\u20108, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays. The target gene and protein expression levels were measured by qRT\u2010PCR and Western blotting. A xenograft mouse model was established to assess the effects of PB2 on OS proliferation and apoptosis in vivo. Results from in vitro experiments showed that PB2 inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of OS cells, and also increased the expression levels of apoptosis\u2010related proteins. Moreover, PB2 induced OS cell apoptosis through suppressing the PI3K\/AKT signalling pathway. The in vivo experiments further confirmed that PB2 could inhibit OS tumour growth and induce its apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggested that PB2 inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of OS cells through the suppression of the PI3K\/AKT signalling pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,28]],"date-time":"2020-09-28T20:48:23Z","timestamp":1601326103000},"page":"11960-11971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Proanthocyanidin B2 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the PI3K\/AKT pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xinbo","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haichao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fajiao","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaochen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5129-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunfeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1047-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0284-9_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdq276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.3.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.59.4895"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.75.1743"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70062-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.17469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30059-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201703135","article-title":"Self\u2010assembly of an amphiphilic janus camptothecin\u2010floxuridine conjugate into liposome\u2010like nanocapsules for more efficacious combination chemotherapy in cancer","volume":"29","author":"Liang X","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.00108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.09.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2019.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-016-0373-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201400370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810083391516"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1568009614666141229102254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5487\/TR.2017.33.4.273"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1194-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nen047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.4107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Mechanisms of grape seed procyanidin\u2010induced apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma cells","volume":"29","author":"Hsu CP","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2007.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-018-1008-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0089-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio727"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30514-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(05)01734-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737140.2018.1413939"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2015.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737140.2016.1168697"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","first-page":"6228","article-title":"Progress in the chemotherapeutic treatment of osteosarcoma","volume":"16","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2016.45"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","first-page":"1181","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteosarcoma","volume":"24","author":"Zhu W","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Buon"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.102598","article-title":"The CD24(+) cell subset promotes invasion and metastasis in human osteosarcoma","volume":"51","author":"Zhou Z","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S208263"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-020-00730-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28693"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FO01175A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01635581.2018.1557212"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.30787"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201500224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2017.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2018.1546668"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2017.1346002"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.15818","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jcmm.15818","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.15818","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T21:20:50Z","timestamp":1693862450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcmm.15818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcmm.15818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.15818","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1582-1838","1582-4934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1582-1838","type":"print"},{"value":"1582-4934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}