{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:43:16Z","timestamp":1788176596642,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81670472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81670472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Liver fibrosis is a necessary stage in the development of chronic liver diseases to liver cirrhosis. This study aims to investigate the anti\u2010fibrotic effects of levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine (L\u2010THP) on hepatic fibrosis in mice and cell models and its underlying mechanisms. Two mouse hepatic fibrosis models were generated in male C57 mice by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 2\u00a0months and bile duct ligation (BDL) for 14\u00a0days. Levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine was administered orally at doses of 20 and 40\u00a0mg\/kg. An activated LX2 cell model induced by TGF\u2010\u03b21 was also generated. The results showed that levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine alleviated liver fibrosis by inhibiting the formation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulating the balance between TIMP1 and MMP2 in the two mice liver fibrosis models and cell model. Levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine inhibited activation and autophagy of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by modulating PPAR\u03b3\/NF\u2010\u03baB and TGF\u2010\u03b21\/Smad pathway in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine attenuated liver fibrosis by inhibiting ECM deposition and HSCs autophagy via modulation of PPAR\u03b3\/NF\u2010\u03baB and TGF\u2010\u03b21\/Smad pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T06:42:39Z","timestamp":1610692959000},"page":"1645-1660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["PPAR\u03b3\/NF\u2010\u03baB and TGF\u2010\u03b21\/Smad pathway are involved in the anti\u2010fibrotic effects of levo\u2010tetrahydropalmatine on liver fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Qiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Putuo People's Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital Tongji University School of 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