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Currently, an effective treatment is not available to prevent the progression of POAG, other than treatments to decrease the high intraocular pressure. We performed proteomic analysis of aqueous humour (AH) samples from patients with POAG combined with cataract and patients with cataract to obtain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of POAG and explore potential treatment targets for this condition. Samples were collected from 10 patients with POAG combined with cataract and 10 patients with cataract. Samples from each group were pooled. A high\u2010resolution, label\u2010free, liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry\u2010based quantitative proteomic analysis was performed. In total, 610 proteins were identified in human AH samples from the two groups. A total of 48 up\u2010regulated proteins and 49 down\u2010regulated proteins were identified in the POAG combined with cataract group compared with the control group. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed key roles for these proteins in inflammation, immune responses, growth and development, cellular movement and vesicle\u2010mediated transport in the biological process category. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated the down\u2010regulated expression of glutathione S\u2010transferase P (GSTP1) in the glutathione metabolism signalling pathway in the POAG combined with cataract group. Additionally, certain significantly differentially expressed proteins in the proteomic profile were verified by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GSTP1 levels were reduced in the human AH samples from the POAG combined with cataract group, based on the results of ELISA and proteomic profiling. Therefore, GSTP1, a redox\u2010related marker, may be involved in the pathological process of POAG and may become a treatment target in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T15:22:45Z","timestamp":1613834565000},"page":"3063-3079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Low expression of GSTP1 in the aqueous humour of patients with primary open\u2010angle glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Aihua","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science Eye Institute and School of Optometry Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital Tianjin 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