{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T15:37:50Z","timestamp":1790437070684,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Qianliexin capsule (QLX) is a standardized traditional Chinese herbal preparation that has long been used to treat chronic non\u2010bacterial prostatitis (CNP) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This study investigated the anti\u2010inflammatory activity of QLX in improving lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with CNP and BPH. Rat models of CNP and BPH were induced by oestradiol or testosterone (hormonal imbalance) or chemical inflammation (carrageenan). QLX significantly relieved LUTS in CNP and BPH rat model by reducing prostate enlargement, epithelial thickness, pain response time, urine volume and bleeding time, and by improving prostatic blood flow. The expression of the pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1, the pro\u2010inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa\u2010light\u2010chain\u2010enhancer of activated B cells (NF\u2010\u03baB), and inflammasome components (NLRP3, caspase\u20101 and ASC) in CNP and BPH tissues was reduced by QLX addition. QLX treatment was followed by reduced cellular malondialdehyde and increased superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity, consistent with antioxidant activity. Increases in Beclin\u20101 expression and the LC3II\/I ratio following QLX treatment indicated that autophagy had been induced. QLX relieved LUTS in CNP and BPH rat models by inhibiting inflammation. The underlying mechanisms included inhibition of inflammasome activation, NF\u2010\u03baB activation, oxidant stress and autophagy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T10:45:14Z","timestamp":1620902714000},"page":"5753-5768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Qianliexin capsule exerts anti\u2010inflammatory activity in chronic non\u2010bacterial prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia via NF\u2010\u03baB and inflammasome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7301-584X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linghe","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life science and Bio\u2010pharmaceuticals Traditional Chinese Medicine College Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Liaoning 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