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With a global target to reduce the disease burden of anaemia, recent researches focus on novel compounds with the ability to induce erythropoiesis and regulate iron homeostasis. We aimed to explore the biological events and potential polypharmacological effects of water\u2010extracted olive leaf (WOL) on human bone marrow\u2013derived haematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs) using a comprehensive gene expression analysis. HPLC analysis identifies six bioactive polyphenols in the WOL. Treatment with WOL for 12\u00a0days regulated gene expressions related to erythroid differentiation, oxygen homeostasis, iron homeostasis, haem metabolism and Hb biosynthesis in hHSCs. Functional clustering analysis reveals several major functions of WOL such as ribosomal biogenesis and mitochondrial translation machinery, glycolytic process, ATP biosynthesis and immune response. Additionally, the colonies of both primitive and mature erythroid progenitors, CFU\u2010E and BFU\u2010E, were significantly increased in WOL\u2010treated hHSCs. The expressions of erythroid markers, CD47, glycophorin A (GYPA), and transferrin receptor (TFRC) and adult Hb subunits\u2010HBA and HBB were also confirmed in immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometer analysis in WOL\u2010treated hHSCs. It is well known that induction of lineage\u2010specific differentiation, as well as the maturation of early haematopoietic precursors into fully mature erythrocytes, involves multiple simultaneous biological events and complex signalling networks. In this regard, our genome\u2010wide transcriptome profiling with microarray study on WOL\u2010treated hHSCs provides general insights into the multitarget prophylactic and\/or therapeutic potential of WOL in anaemia and other haematological disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T01:27:10Z","timestamp":1624843630000},"page":"7229-7243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of erythroid differentiation potential of olive leaf in haematopoietic stem cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Shinji","family":"Kondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Center for Tailor\u2010Made QOL University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhana","family":"Ferdousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA) University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"AIST\u2010University of Tsukuba Open innovation laboratory for food and medicinal resource engineering (FoodMed\u2010OIL) University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Yamauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Act Co., Ltd. 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