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Autophagy can resist apoptosis and AMPK plays an important role in autophagy regulation. Aucubin from the small tree Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., which has a long history of use in orthopaedics and traumatology in Asian medicine, can promote bone formation, but whether it can slow or prevent steroid\u2010osteoblast apoptosis is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the pathogenesis of SONFH and how the osteoblast responds to aucubin under the dexamethasone stimulation. In human femoral head osteonecrosis specimens, we found that the autophage and apoptosis level were increased, and the AMPK signalling was crucial to autophagy. We observed that aucubin could prevent dexamethasone\u2010induced apoptosis in osteoblasts by enhancing the level of autophagy. Further, we confirmed that the regulatory effect of aucubin on autophagy and apoptosis was achieved by activating AMPK signalling. We have demonstrated a mechanism of disease progression and shown that aucubin could enhance autophagy through AMPK signalling to prevent osteoblast apoptosis. These findings provide a basis for the further investigation of the potential therapeutic role of aucubin in the SONFH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T13:30:46Z","timestamp":1633699846000},"page":"10175-10184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Aucubin prevents steroid\u2010induced osteoblast apoptosis by enhancing autophagy via AMPK activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province  Luoyang China"},{"name":"Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University  Hangzhou 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