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Our work seeks to transplant cells that are generated from hiPSCs into regionally specific spinal neural progenitor cells (sNPCs) utilizing a novel accelerated differentiation protocol designed for clinical translation. We chose a xenotransplantation model because our laboratory is focused on the behaviour of human cells in order to bring this potential therapy to translation. Cells were transplanted into adult immunodeficient rats after moderate contusion spinal cord injury (SCI). Twelve weeks later, cells derived from the transplanted sNPCs survived and differentiated into neurons and glia that filled the lesion cavity and produced a thoracic spinal cord transcriptional program in vivo. Furthermore, neurogenesis and ionic channel expression were promoted within the adjacent host spinal cord tissue. Transplanted cells displayed robust integration properties including synapse formation and myelination by host oligodendrocytes. Axons from transplanted hiPSC sNPC\u2010derived cells extended both rostrally and caudally from the SCI transplant site, rostrally approximately 6\u00a0cm into supraspinal structures. Thus, iPSC\u2010derived sNPCs may provide a patient\u2010specific cell source for patients with SCI that could provide a relay system across the site of injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]],"date-time":"2022-03-08T08:44:46Z","timestamp":1646729086000},"page":"1932-1942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Human induced pluripotent stem cells integrate, create synapses and extend long axons after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Nicolas Stoflet","family":"Lavoie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dane","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Pengo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Imaging Center University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandadevi","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Dutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7228-2647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann M.","family":"Parr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Institute University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4130-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507063102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4184-05.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012272"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2014-0236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.19-0135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05844-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.20-0269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963689717737074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI92955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/7651_2015_243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-015-0212-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1995.12.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1999.16.323"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(02)00012-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090940210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2818.1999.00457.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.1261708"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BallerJ KonoT HermanA YingY.CHURP:A lightweight CLI framework to enable novice users to analyze sequencing datasets in parallel. 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