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Accordingly, testing mTOR inhibitors (such as Sirolimus) and other geroprotective drugs might be considered a key strategy to improve overall health resilience of aged populations. In this respect, Sirolimus (also known as rapamycin) is of great interest, in consideration of the fact that it is extensively used in routine therapy and in clinical studies for the treatment of several diseases. Recently, Sirolimus has been considered in laboratory and clinical studies aimed to find novel protocols for the therapy of hemoglobinopathies (e.g. \u03b2\u2010Thalassemia). The objective of the present study was to analyse the activity of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in \u03b2\u2010Thalassemia patients treated with Sirolimus, taking advantages from the availability of cellular samples of the NCT03877809 clinical trial. The approach was to verify IFN\u2010\u03b3 releases following stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to stimulatory CEF and CEFTA peptide pools, stimulatory for CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, respectively. The main results of the present study are that treatment of \u03b2\u2010Thalassemia patients with Sirolimus has a positive impact on the biological activity and number of memory CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells releasing IFN\u2010\u03b3 following stimulation with antigenic stimuli present in immunological memory. These data are to our knowledge novel and in our opinion of interest, in consideration of the fact that \u03b2\u2010Thalassemia patients are considered prone to immune deficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T09:41:04Z","timestamp":1673343664000},"page":"353-364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of Sirolimus treatment on patients with <scp>\u03b2\u2010Thalassemia<\/scp>: Lymphocyte immunophenotype and biological activity of memory <scp>CD4<\/scp><sup>+<\/sup> and <scp>CD8<\/scp><sup>+<\/sup> T cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6131-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Zurlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 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