{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T14:44:49Z","timestamp":1776437089376,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to explore the proteomic signatures of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) related to the mechanism of heart failure with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF\/HFmrEF) and heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a comprehensive proteomic analysis of EAT was made in HFrEF\/HFmrEF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05) and HFpEF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a05) patients with liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry experiments. The selected differential proteins were verified between HFrEF\/HFmrEF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a020) and HFpEF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a040) by ELISA (enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay). A total of 599 EAT proteins were significantly different in expression between HFrEF\/HFmrEF and HFpEF. Among the 599 proteins, 58 proteins increased in HFrEF\/HFmrEF compared to HFpEF, whereas 541 proteins decreased in HFrEF\/HFmrEF. Of these proteins, TGM2 in EAT was down\u2010regulated in HFrEF\/HFmrEF patients and was confirmed to decrease in circulating plasma of the HFrEF\/HFmrEF group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed plasma TGM2 could be an independent predictor of HFrEF\/HFmrEF (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.033). Receiver operating curve analysis indicated that the combination of TGM2 and Gensini score improved the diagnostic value of HFrEF\/HFmrEF (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). In summary, for the first time, we described the proteome in EAT in both HFpEF and HFrEF\/HFmrEF and identified a comprehensive dimension of potential targets for the mechanism behind the EF spectrum. Exploring the role of EAT may offer potential targets for preventive intervention of HF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.17695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T07:34:31Z","timestamp":1676964871000},"page":"727-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Proteomic profiling of epicardial fat in heart failure with preserved versus reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Jingxi Branch Capital Medical University  Beijing 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