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Using single\u2010cell sequencing data, we analysed the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing AS patients with non\u2010AS patients. Key genes among the related DEGs were identified through protein\u2013protein interaction networks and hub gene screening and further validated using immunohistochemistry. We performed clustering and annotation of the single\u2010cell sequencing data and externally validated the findings using the GSE232131 single\u2010cell dataset. By integrating transcriptome data, we assessed the differential expression of immune cells in AS. Finally, we explored the interactions between immune cells in AS through cell communication analysis. The upregulated gene CD74 was identified as a hub gene in T cells in AS. Further research revealed the important relationship between T cells and NK cells in the fundamental processes of AS. 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