{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T22:14:59Z","timestamp":1780524899342,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012155","name":"National Institute for Medical Research Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IR.NIMAD.REC.1399.088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR.NIMAD.REC.1399.088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The HLA system is a crucial immune response component against infectious agents, including SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. Certain polymorphisms may impart varying levels of protection or vulnerability to COVID\u201019. This research aims to understand the possible relationship between HLA polymorphisms and the susceptibility to COVID\u201019 and its severity. We recruited 290 hospitalised Iranian COVID\u201019 patients (130 severe and 160 moderate). Using PCR\u2010SSP methods, we conducted a detailed analysis of polymorphisms in HLA class I (HLA\u2010A, HLA\u2010B, and HLA\u2010C) and II (HLA\u2010DRB1 and HLA\u2010DQB1) molecules at low resolution. The study found that certain HLA alleles, including HLA\u2010B*49, HLA\u2010B*52, HLA\u2010C*12, HLA\u2010DRB1*04, and HLA\u2010DQB1*05, were associated with disease susceptibility. Additionally, HLA\u2010A*23, DRB1*10, and DRB1*13 were indicators of disease severity. The study also noted that individuals carrying the HLA\u2010A*23 allele showed a significant decrease in lymphocyte levels and an elevated likelihood of developing thrombosis. We hypothesise that a maladaptive immune response may occur based on these findings. This might be due to the strong affinity of the HLA\u2010A*23 allele group for presenting a wide range of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 peptides. Such a presentation possibly leads to a cytokine storm, followed by lymphocyte apoptosis and an increase in platelet count.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T10:23:48Z","timestamp":1747218228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<scp>HLA<\/scp>\n                    Polymorphisms and\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Susceptibility and Severity: Insights From an Iranian Patients Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Pooria","family":"Hakimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasra Arbabi","family":"Zaboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Golbabapour\u2010Samakoush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Azizimohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hajar Hospital  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Soleimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hosein","family":"Salmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hajar Hospital  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6588-9774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ladan","family":"Teimoori\u2010Toolabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center Pasteur Institute of Iran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11606\/s1518-8787.2020054002481"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Mcgonagle DJTC\u2010rcihoEC \u201cThe Company's Public News Information. Since January 2020 Elsevier has Created a COVID\u201019 Resource Centre With Free Information in English and Mandarin on the Novel Coronavirus COVID\u201019 \u201d2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109\u2010020\u201001961\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2008.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00048-08"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Class I Susceptible Alleles Against COVID\u201019 Increase Both Infection and Severity Rate","volume":"12","author":"Ishii T.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001115R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102350\u20104\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14830"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v12020244"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"2433","article-title":"The Potential Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)\u2010A And\u2010B With COVID\u201019 Mortality: A Neglected Risk Factor","volume":"49","author":"Saadati M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"400","article-title":"Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigen and COVID\u201019 Severity","volume":"59","author":"Hajebi R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Medica Iranica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2021.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/421523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00832"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43247\u2010020\u201000069\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1815239116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.601886"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2021.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192114024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.658570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2021.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.891816"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.605688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. 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