{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T11:03:23Z","timestamp":1779707003840,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004480","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20210302124591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210302124591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004480","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aims to assess whether endometriosis causally increases the risk of IBD through Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis and to elucidate potential mechanisms using in\u00a0vitro experiments. A two\u2010sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis was conducted using genome\u2010wide association study datasets for endometriosis and IBD, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Causal inference was assessed using inverse variance weighting, MR\u2010Egger, and weighted median methods, with MR\u2010PRESSO used to detect horizontal pleiotropy. Additionally, peritoneal fluid from endometriosis patients (EM\u2010PF) and healthy controls (CN\u2010PF) was used to treat Caco\u20102 cells. Cell viability, apoptosis, barrier function, and inflammatory cytokine expression were analysed using MTT, TUNEL, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), Western blot, and qRT\u2010PCR assays. MR analysis identified a significant causal association between endometriosis and IBD risk (IVW:\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u20090.15\u20130.47,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Sensitivity analyses confirmed result robustness with minimal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Experimental results showed that EM\u2010PF significantly reduced Caco\u20102 cell viability and TEER values while increasing apoptosis and epithelial permeability (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Western blot and immunofluorescence staining revealed a marked decrease in tight junction proteins (ZO\u20101, Occludin) and an upregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL\u20106, IL\u20108, IL\u20101\u03b2) in the EM\u2010PF group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Our findings provide genetic and experimental evidence supporting a causal role of endometriosis in increasing IBD risk. Endometriosis\u2010associated peritoneal fluid may contribute to gut inflammation and epithelial dysfunction, offering new insights into the pathophysiological connection between these conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T05:08:37Z","timestamp":1757394517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Role of Endometriosis in Intestinal Inflammation: A Combined Mendelian Randomization and Cellular Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernv","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9216-5325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University  Taiyuan Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102022\u2010070750"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1020827"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(21)00389\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmz014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP\/04\u201023\u20106805"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.1496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12112521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974\u2010020\u201001752\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.733992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043817"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116660847"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a040980"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010024\u201003607\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco\u2010jcc\/jjab232.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114794"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102011\u2010301095"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000577"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14030312"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7265238"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1194827"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202309370"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1339647"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916\u2010022\u201002359\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgstr.2024.1452430"}],"container-title":["Journal 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