{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:38:27Z","timestamp":1791517107012,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Richter transformation (RT) is a serious complication of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), with poor outcomes. While CAR T\u2010cells have shown promise in large B\u2010cell lymphoma, their efficacy in RT remains unclear, and the role of allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT) post\u2010CAR T\u2010cells has not been established. This study aimed to assess the clinical response and survival of patients with RT treated with anti\u2010CD19 CAR T\u2010cells. This retrospective multicentre study, conducted by the European Research Initiative on CLL (ERIC), included patients with RT who received anti\u2010CD19 CAR T\u2010cells between 06\/2018 and 01\/2024. Progression\u2010free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated from CAR T\u2010cell infusion. Fifty\u2010four patients with RT were treated with anti\u2010CD19 CAR T\u2010cells (academic products,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200929; commercial products,\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200925). The median age was 63\u2009years, with 72% having an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0 to 1. Seven patients (13%) underwent alloSCT following CAR T\u2010cell infusion, with the indications being consolidation therapy (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094) and relapse\/progression (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093). The overall response rate was 65%, with 46% achieving complete response (CR) at 1\u2009month and 50% at 3\u2009months. The median PFS was 8.0\u2009months (95% CI: 2.1\u201313.8) and the median OS was 14.4\u2009months (95% CI: 8.8\u201319.2). The median PFS was 31.6\u2009months for patients achieving CR at 1 or 3\u2009months post CAR T\u2010cells. Significant factors associated with mortality included high ECOG PS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), high LDH at CAR T infusion (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005), ICANS (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.046) and no response at 1\u2009month (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02). Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified treatment response at 1\u2009month (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001) and increasing age (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.5) as significant predictors of mortality. This study shows encouraging response rates and manageable toxicity for patients with RT treated with both academic and commercially available CAR T\u2010cell products.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T11:41:18Z","timestamp":1761133278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["CD19 CAR T\u2010Cell Therapy in Richter Transformation: A Multicentre Retrospective Analysis by the European Research Initiative on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5631-4776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ofrat","family":"Beyar\u2010Katz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Rambam Health Care Campus  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1123-3339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ohad","family":"Benjamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Chaim Sheba Medical Center  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5157-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncoimmunotherapy Unit, Department of Hematology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ruella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cellular Immunotherapies University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigal","family":"Grisariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department Hadassah University Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Visentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine University of Padua  Padua 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Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avichai","family":"Shimoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Chaim Sheba Medical Center  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roni","family":"Shouval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Service, Cellular Therapy Service, Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center  New York New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronit","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Chaim Sheba Medical Center  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cellular Immunotherapies University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Ortiz\u2010Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncoimmunotherapy Unit, Department of Hematology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0095-3579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Ghilardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cellular Immunotherapies University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6505-0194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Paruzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cellular Immunotherapies University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6204-977X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsila","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Rambam Health Care Campus  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3435-8612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamar","family":"Tadmor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Unit of Hematology Bnai Zion Medical Center  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riva","family":"Fineman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Rambam Health Care Campus  Haifa Israel"},{"name":"Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odelia","family":"Amit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Martinez\u2010Cibrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncoimmunotherapy Unit, Department of Hematology Hospital Clinic de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1162-8712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Gabrielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cellular Immunotherapies University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer Center University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Batia","family":"Avni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department Hadassah University Medical Center  Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The Hebrew University of Jerusalem  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Minga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Biosciences Centre for Research and Technology Hellas  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noga","family":"Shem\u2010Tov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Chaim Sheba Medical Center  Ramat Gan Israel"},{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0844-0989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydia","family":"Scarfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Universit\u00e0 Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Cancer Center IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele  Milan 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Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Ghia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Universit\u00e0 Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Cancer Center IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yair","family":"Herishanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gray faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13205141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31366-0"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"3566","article-title":"Anti\u2010CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T\u2010Cell Therapy Has Less Efficacy in Richter Transformation Than in de Novo Large B\u2010Cell Lymphoma and Transformed Low\u2010Grade B\u2010Cell Lymphoma","volume":"109","author":"Benjamini O.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.24.00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2020.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.828471"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-138904"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428190109064589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23841"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011386"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01702-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2020.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01222-8"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"2307","article-title":"Five\u2010Year Follow\u2010Up of ZUMA\u20101 Supports the Curative Potential of Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Refractory Large B\u2010Cell Lymphoma","volume":"141","author":"Neelapu S. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Richter Syndrome: Novel Insights Into the Biology of Transformation","volume":"142","author":"Parry E. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021006845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.14157"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.70841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T13:54:55Z","timestamp":1761659695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcmm.70841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcmm.70841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.70841","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1582-1838","1582-4934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1582-1838","type":"print"},{"value":"1582-4934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70841"}}