{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:47:05Z","timestamp":1792061225770,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wogonin exhibits notable anti\u2010inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Current study aimed to investigate the antidepressant potential of wogonin and its underlying mechanisms through in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo experiments. In\u00a0vitro, wogonin attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010induced astrocyte activation. Furthermore, wogonin inhibited the TNF\u2010\u03b1\/TNFR1\/CXCL1 signalling axis, as evidenced by decreased protein levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1 and CXCL1 and reduced interaction between TNF\u2010\u03b1 and its receptor TNFR1. The addition of recombinant TNF\u2010\u03b1 (r\u2010TNF\u2010\u03b1) blocked these inhibitory effects of wogonin. In\u00a0vivo, in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model, wogonin alleviated depression\u2010like behaviours. Moreover, wogonin rescued CUMS\u2010induced impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, restoring post\u2010tetanic potentiation (PTP), long\u2010term potentiation (LTP) and mitigating neuronal damage in the CA1 region. Further analysis revealed that wogonin reduced levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1 and CXCL1 in both the hippocampal CA1 region and cerebrospinal fluid, and decreased the expression of astrocyte activation markers GFAP and C3. These effects of wogonin in\u00a0vivo were reversed by co\u2010administration of r\u2010TNF\u2010\u03b1 and were replicated by treatment with the TNF\u2010\u03b1 inhibitor etanercept. These results demonstrate that wogonin may exert antidepressant effects by modulating the TNF\u2010\u03b1\/TNFR1\/CXCL1 pathway, thereby improving neuroinflammation and astrocyte activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.71116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T04:19:24Z","timestamp":1774498764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Wogonin Mitigates Depression by Inhibiting TNF\u2010\u03b1\/TNFR1\/CXCL1 Signalling\u2010Mediated Astrocyte Activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Huihui","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Key Clinic Specialty, the Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou 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