{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:39:44Z","timestamp":1790300384739,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Osteoporosis is a prevalent skeletal disorder characterised by progressive reduction in bone mass, microarchitectural deterioration, and increased fracture susceptibility. In India, approximately one\u2010third of the elderly population is affected by bone\u2010related disorders, and the global burden of osteoporosis continues to rise. Despite its significant impact on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life, current diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies remain suboptimal due to limitations such as prolonged treatment duration, poor patient adherence, low oral bioavailability of first\u2010line therapies, and potential cardiovascular risks associated with some anti\u2010resorptive agents. Given these challenges, there is an urgent need to develop safer and more effective preventive and therapeutic interventions. However, rational drug design and targeted therapies require a comprehensive understanding of osteoporosis pathophysiology. In this review, we provide an integrated overview of normal bone remodelling, key cellular players, and the mechanisms underlying impaired bone homeostasis in osteoporosis. We discuss the roles of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their progenitor cells, along with critical regulatory factors governing their differentiation and function. Later, we have discussed the core mechanisms and pathways involved in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, including the RANKL\u2013OPG axis, Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signalling, Parathyroid hormone (PTH)\/PTH1R (cAMP\/PKA vs. sustained Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/PKC) signalling, TGF\u2010\u03b2\/BMP\u2013SMAD signalling, etc. Furthermore, we summarise the major risk factors, including ageing, sex hormones, nutritional deficiencies, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities and delineate their mechanistic links to bone loss. This comprehensive synthesis aims to enhance understanding of osteoporosis pathogenesis and to facilitate the identification of novel molecular targets for improved therapeutic strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.71155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T03:41:28Z","timestamp":1777261288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pathophysiology and Molecular Signalling in Osteoporosis: Linking Risk Factors to Bone Loss"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3482-6837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramoda","family":"G.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)\u2010Raebareli  Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamini","family":"Shivhare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)\u2010Raebareli  Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyush Kumar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad  Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8656-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Sahebkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0890-769X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prashant","family":"Kesharwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Next\u2010Generation Translational Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University)  Sagar Madhya Pradesh India"},{"name":"Department of Research and Development Asia University  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4864-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)\u2010Raebareli  Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.27063"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.23.13361"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2012.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666\u20107568(21)00172\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249\u2010025\u201003120\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","unstructured":"International Osteoporosis Foundation \u201cEpidemiology of Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures [Internet] \u201daccessed March 27 2025 https:\/\/www.osteoporosis.foundation\/facts\u2010statistics\/epidemiology\u2010of\u2010osteoporosis\u2010and\u2010fragility\u2010fractures#ref_bottom_1."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2455\u20104510.IntJResOrthop20210630"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X17732562"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Risk Factors for Osteoporosis and Associated Fractures","volume":"104","author":"Kelsey J. L.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pmed.1994.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"An Overview of Bone Cells and Their Regulating Factors of Differentiation","volume":"15","author":"Mohamed A. M. F. S.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4928396"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Bone. Britannica Online Encyclopedia","author":"Heaney G. D.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/421746"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2019.24.4.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4248\/BR201301003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5484.1504"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015\u20101114"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02400-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456\u2010017\u20109541\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.602278"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/549412"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1236545"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115772"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)32112\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13030483"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031376"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1153585"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000466"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1708322"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3074"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2015.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4252\/wjsc.v16.i2.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2016.00061"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198\u2010007\u20100394\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","unstructured":"I.Ilias C.Milionis andE.Zoumakis \u201cAn Overview of Glucocorticoid\u2010Induced Osteoporosis \u201d(2000)."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154\u2010010\u20109153\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413\u2010022\u201000219\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116954"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020\u2010024\u201000957\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556\u2010022\u201000109\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031786"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010023\u201001502\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102132"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.70306"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1639430"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.6168"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2015.4198"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2025.1541714"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology14030274"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S315184"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10815"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2022.116353"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2017.0225"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59101752"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1611932"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/tcmj.tcmj_233_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618\u2010022\u201001760\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020786"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972\u2010124X.85659"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052688"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045\u2010024\u201001563\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2016.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1029130"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212139"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2022.110438"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145169"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afos.2025.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010025\u201002142\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12122880"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.833221"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020\u2010021\u201002806\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2021.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6910312"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092073"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041568"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdmed.2025.1455755"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018\u2010024\u201005501\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1747"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601984"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2025.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2024.117220"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413\u2010025\u201000497\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20108587(13)70045\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JME\u201018\u20100024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2025.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413\u2010025\u201000417\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2009.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2023.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413\u2010022\u201000190\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2018.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422\u2010023\u201000918\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022202"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.657"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737140.2020.1807950"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI96221"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201011596\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19491034.2024.2350180"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01174"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.929510"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020332"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life15020228"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom14111452"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.36182"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14161278"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043772"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2016.1177037"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18699\/VJGB\u201023\u201048"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11223552"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911201"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24463"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2020.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.05.038.Vitamin"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00137"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223\u2010012\u20109619\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2023.111236"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1029475"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914\u2010017\u20100374\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441\u2010009\u20100834\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006\u20101372"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256\u2010200030040\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256\u2010200535090\u201000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_131_1","unstructured":"H. W.Sampson \u201cAlcohol and Other Factors Affecting Osteoporosis Risk in Women \u201d(1988)."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_132_1","unstructured":"S.SahniandD. P.Kiel \u201cSmoking Alcohol and Bone Health \u201d(2015) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978\u20101\u20104939\u20102001\u20103."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7112.841"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877\u2010024\u201004678\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2022.0153"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211009471"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7888\/juoeh.37.245"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.50680"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X11430858"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000176049"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2009\u20100024"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68049"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.ChandraandJ.Rajawat \u201cSkeletal Aging and Osteoporosis: Cellular Senescence and Beyond \u201d(2021) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20944\/preprints202102.0127.v1.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202102.0127.v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198\u2010025\u201007592\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999\u2010011\u20101849\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr2970w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002\u2010021036"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.2.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE\u201015\u20100118"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116913"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413\u2010023\u201000264\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010017\u201002490\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17101702"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1617459"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010physiol\u2010021115\u2010105323"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018\u201000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574\u2010020\u20100341\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914\u2010013\u20100171\u20102.Parathyroid"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914\u2010020\u201000574\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9324505"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inpm.2023.100291"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2009.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092\u20108674(03)00771\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_166_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"National Institutes of Health","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2003.50106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016\u20105085(03)01062\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18488"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_170_1","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Risk Factors for Osteoporosis and Associated Fractures. Special Topic: Risk Factors","author":"Kelsey J. L.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2006.15.709"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201032776\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmr\/zjae133"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.71155","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jcmm.71155","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcmm.71155","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:02:56Z","timestamp":1778652176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcmm.71155"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"references-count":172,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcmm.71155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.71155","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1582-1838","1582-4934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1582-1838","type":"print"},{"value":"1582-4934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71155"}}