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HDPCs were isolated from three healthy donors, cryopreserved at \u221280\u00b0C for 3\u2009months, and subsequently evaluated at different passages. Non\u2010cryopreserved passage 0 (P0) cells were used as the baseline control. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, cell morphology and complementary cell counting by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and phenotypic marker expression (CD44, CD146, STRO\u20101, and CD45) by flow cytometry. P6 and P10 showed significantly higher cell viability than P0 and P12 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whereas SEM\u2010based cell counting showed a higher number of cells at P6 than at P0, P3, and P12 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The percentage of CD146\u2010positive cells decreased from 32.1% and 32.3% at P0 and P3, respectively, to 4.9% and 5.2% at P10 and P12 (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A similar passage\u2010dependent reduction was observed for STRO\u20101 expression. Overall, HDPCs exhibited passage\u2010dependent changes following cryopreservation, thawing, and serial expansion. Intermediate passages, particularly P6, showed favourable cell viability and yield, whereas earlier passages better preserved progenitor\u2010associated phenotypic markers. These findings highlight the importance of passage selection when cryopreserved HDPCs are expanded for subsequent experimental applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.71362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:54:22Z","timestamp":1789624462000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phenotyping of Human Pulp Cells After Cryopreservation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2204-6707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila Maura Morais Lima","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4684-309X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Washington Henrique Themoteo","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7059-8499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda Rodrigues","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7454-8656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milla Christian","family":"de Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7426-6341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie","family":"Morse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0272-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Battaglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine  Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-4286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo Jos\u00e9 Barbosa","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6387-7411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Turrioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Uberl\u00e2ndia Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","volume-title":"Oral Histology: Development, Structure, and Function","author":"Ten Cate A. 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