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Immune cells play a key role in recognizing and eliminating cancer cells through detection of tumour\u2010derived membrane and secreted proteins processed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These ER\u2010matured proteins on target cells act as critical communication signals, coordinating immune responses against tumour cells. However, during tumorigenesis, accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER of the cancer cells triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), a transcriptional program that alleviates proteotoxic stress by reshaping the cancer cell proteome and secretome, thereby promoting survival. Activation of UPR disrupts intercellular communication and ultimately impairs immune\u2010mediated tumour clearance. Understanding this crosstalk could inform the development of therapeutics targeting UPR\u2010driven immune modulation. This review discusses how UPR\u2010signalling modulates tumour\u2010immune cell interactions within the TME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.71380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:38:56Z","timestamp":1791527936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Unfolded Protein Response as a Modulator of Cancer\u2010Immune Cell Communication in the Tumour Microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yew Hwang","family":"Chee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of Galway  Galway Ireland"},{"name":"School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of Galway  Galway 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