{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:31:32Z","timestamp":1790793092360,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]],"date-time":"2012-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>A clear relationship between tongue coating and oral malodour has been observed in many clinical trials. Why or when this coating is formed remains an open question. The aim of this study was to analyse possible factors related to the presence of tongue coating in a population complaining from oral malodour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were recruited from a halitosis clinic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UZ<\/jats:styled-content> Leuven). Medical history, dietary and oral hygiene habits were retrieved via a questionnaire. Data were recorded on organoleptic score and level of sulphur compounds in breath, anatomical features of the tongue dorsum, amount of tongue coating (according to three indices: Miyazaki, Winkel and modified Winkel), tongue coating wet weight and salivary flow. The correlation between the presence of tongue coating and a series of parameters was analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The level of oral hygiene was the strongest determinant factor for the presence of tongue coating. Smoking, presence of a denture, periodontal status and dietary habits also correlated although less obvious.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The presence of tongue coating appears to be related to several factors of which oral hygiene is the strongest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,13]],"date-time":"2012-10-13T14:21:59Z","timestamp":1350138119000},"page":"180-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Tongue coating: related factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Marie","family":"Van Tornout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesica","family":"Dadamio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Coucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biology Scientific Institute of Public Health Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Quirynen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Catholic University Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1998.0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Characterization of volatile sulphur compounds production at individual gingival crevicular sites in humans","volume":"3","author":"Coil J. M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62354-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6505700"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(03)00162-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9969(98)00097-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.280111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2006.01261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028010970.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(80)90395-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1995.66.8.679"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01478.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.3.374"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Hygiene of the tongue","volume":"3","author":"Ralph W. J.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gerodontics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1996.0239"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345910700110801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.776"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007559725607"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01116.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/2\/1\/017010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164495055004001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1977.48.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034508329741"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01495.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00342.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.9.783"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01673.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcpe.12031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcpe.12031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpe.12031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T04:01:20Z","timestamp":1698638480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcpe.12031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcpe.12031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-6979","1600-051X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-6979","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-051X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]}}}