{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:37:11Z","timestamp":1792273031069,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]],"date-time":"2013-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the long\u2010term development of labial gingival recessions during orthodontic treatment and retention phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective case\u2013control study, the presence of gingival recession was scored (Yes or No) on plaster models of 100 orthodontic patients (cases) and 120 controls at the age of 12 (T<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>), 15 (T<jats:sub>15<\/jats:sub>), 18 (T<jats:sub>18<\/jats:sub>), and 21 (T<jats:sub>21<\/jats:sub>) years. In the treated group, T<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> reflected the start of orthodontic treatment and T<jats:sub>15<\/jats:sub> \u2013 the end of active treatment and the start of retention phase with bonded retainers. Independent <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests, Fisher's exact tests and a fitted two\u2010part \u201churdle\u201d model were used to identify the effect of orthodontic treatment\/retention on recessions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of subjects with recessions was consistently higher in cases than controls. Overall, the odds ratio for orthodontic patients as compared with controls to have recessions is 4.48 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.61\u20137.70).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Within the limits of the present research design, orthodontic treatment and\/or the retention phase may be risk factors for the development of labial gingival recessions. In orthodontically treated subjects, mandibular incisors seem to be the most vulnerable to the development of gingival recessions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,14]],"date-time":"2013-03-14T02:40:48Z","timestamp":1363228848000},"page":"631-637","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Gingival labial recessions in orthodontically treated and untreated individuals: a case \u2013 control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Renkema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr S.","family":"Fudalej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics University of Bern Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthodontics Palack\u00fd University Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alianne A. P.","family":"Renkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewald","family":"Bronkhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Restorative Dentistry Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Katsaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.4.343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Why straighten teeth?","author":"American Association of Orthodontists","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.111403"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.2.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050249"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01634.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2010.01491.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2006.00931.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1993.64.9.900"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.6.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01799.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"A classification of marginal tissue recession","volume":"5","author":"Miller P. 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