{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T20:06:17Z","timestamp":1772049977454,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of smoking at patient, tooth, and site level following non\u2010surgical and surgical periodontal therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty chronic periodontitis patients, 40 smokers and 40 non\u2010smokers, were recruited to this single\u2010arm clinical trial. Smoking status was validated by measuring serum cotinine levels. Periodontal examinations were performed at baseline (T0) and 3\u00a0months following non\u2010surgical and surgical periodontal therapy (T1). At T0 and T1, subgingival plaque samples were collected from the deepest periodontal pocket in each patient and analysed using checkerboard <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> hybridization. Probing depth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>)\u00a0\u2265\u00a05\u00a0mm with bleeding on probing (BoP) was defined as the primary outcome. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses, corrected for clustered observations within patients and teeth, were conducted comparing smokers with non\u2010smokers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical parameters significantly improved in both groups (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). An association was revealed between smoking and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a05\u00a0mm with BoP (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>= 1.90, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.14, 3.15, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.013), especially for plaque\u2010positive sites (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>= 4.14, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.16, 7.96, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). A significant reduction of red complex microbiota was observed for non\u2010smokers only (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.010).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smokers respond less favourably to non\u2010surgical and surgical periodontal therapy compared with non\u2010smokers, in particular at plaque\u2010positive sites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,26]],"date-time":"2015-09-26T07:50:44Z","timestamp":1443253844000},"page":"933-942","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Site\u2010specific treatment outcome in smokers following non\u2010surgical and surgical periodontal therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8592-7467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmar F.","family":"Bun\u00e6s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Clinical Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stein Atle","family":"Lie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Clinical Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Enersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry Institute of Oral Biology University of Oslo Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Nordrehaug","family":"Aastr\u00f8m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Clinical Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Clinical Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Knut N.","family":"Leknes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Department of Clinical Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque","volume":"25","author":"Ainamo J.","year":"1975","journal-title":"International Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.290109.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.8.1045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00788.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027386"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12151"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00272.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2001.280813.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00828.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1989.60.10.564"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.3.398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01223.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509338676"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.290814.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1997.0259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.140048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028004283.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028005377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01749.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12971-014-0026-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00157.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1996.67.7.675"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-007-0144-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.140452"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2004.03793.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Periodontal risk assessment (PRA) for patients in supportive periodontal therapy (SPT)","volume":"1","author":"Lang N. P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01245.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060472"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284692"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.1.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2003.tb00741.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060264"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00786.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.10.1475"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358509046515"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1986.tb02229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.10.797"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Influence of compliance and smoking habits on the outcomes of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in a private practice","volume":"2","author":"Rieder C.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1998.tb02331.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/4631020a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.1.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2001.280801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050358"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2011.570230"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302x.2004.00168.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntn024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.5.743"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01111.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00822.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.10182.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.5.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01371.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130336"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcpe.12462","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcpe.12462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpe.12462","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T15:32:14Z","timestamp":1694878334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcpe.12462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcpe.12462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.12462","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-6979","1600-051X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-6979","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-051X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}}}