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This study proposes an improved prevalence estimator based on randomly sampled sites and evaluates its accuracy in a well\u2010characterized population cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Importantly, this method does not require determination of disease status at the individual level. Instead, it uses a statistical distributional approach to derive a prevalence formula from randomly selected periodontal sites. The approach applies the conditional linear family of distributions for correlated binary data (i.e. the presence or absence of disease at sites within a mouth) with two simple working assumptions: (i) the probability of having disease is the same across all sites; and (ii) the correlation of disease status is the same for all pairs of sites within the mouth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using oral examination data from 6793 participants in the Arteriolosclerosis Risk in Communities study, the new formula yields <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CP<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence estimates that are much closer than standard partial mouth estimates to full mouth estimates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resampling of the cohort shows that the proposed estimators give good precision and accuracy for as few as six tooth sites sampled per individual.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T15:52:37Z","timestamp":1480002757000},"page":"283-289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A new way to estimate disease prevalence from random partial\u2010mouth samples"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"John S.","family":"Preisser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health Brown University Providence RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Ecology School of Dentistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aderonke A.","family":"Akinkugbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Ecology School of Dentistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James D.","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Ecology School of Dentistry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1970.tb00707.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2006.00252.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1161\/hq1101.097803","article-title":"Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima\u2010media wall thickness the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study","volume":"21","author":"Beck J. 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