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Coronary diagnosis was acquired by coronary angiography, and the main outcomes were as follows: no significant CAD (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>123), stable CAD (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>184) and acute coronary syndrome (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>169). Periodontitis was defined according to clinical and radiographic examinations. Levels for 75 strains of subgingival bacteria were determined by checkerboard <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> hybridization. Saliva and serum LPS activity was analysed by Limulus amebocyte lysate assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The level of 11 bacterial strains, which were mainly oral and respiratory Gram\u2010negative species, associated with salivary LPS levels in an age\u2010 and gender\u2010adjusted linear regression. A total of 4.9% of the serum LPS, that is endotoxemia, variation was explainable by saliva LPS among patients with periodontitis (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>247, <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2\u00a0<\/jats:sup>=\u00a0.049, Pearson's <jats:italic>r\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.222, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Endotoxemia associated with stable CAD in a confounder adjusted multinomial logistic regression model (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.99, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.04\u20133.81, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.039, 3rd tertile).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In particular in periodontitis patients, subgingival microbial burden contributes to endotoxemia. LPS is a possible molecular mediator between periodontitis and CAD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,28]],"date-time":"2017-05-28T04:06:38Z","timestamp":1495944398000},"page":"784-792","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Lipopolysaccharide, a possible molecular mediator between periodontitis and coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6562-2458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Liljestrand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Paju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e5re","family":"Buhlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Division of Periodontology Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Huddinge Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Rutger","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Oral Medicine and Periodontics University of Washington  Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seppo","family":"Sarna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markku S.","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center Department of Medicine Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Sinisalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center Department of Medicine Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki 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