{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:45:33Z","timestamp":1792291533045,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sunstar to the European Federation of Periodontology to organize the EFP\/IDF Workshop"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes and periodontitis are chronic non\u2010communicable diseases independently associated with mortality and have a bidirectional relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To update the evidence for their epidemiological and mechanistic associations and re\u2010examine the impact of effective periodontal therapy upon metabolic control (glycated haemoglobin, HbA1C).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Epidemiology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There is strong evidence that people with periodontitis have elevated risk for dysglycaemia and insulin resistance. Cohort studies among people with diabetes demonstrate significantly higher HbA1C levels in patients with periodontitis (\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      periodontally healthy patients), but there are insufficient data among people with type 1 diabetes. Periodontitis is also associated with an increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Mechanisms<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mechanistic links between periodontitis and diabetes involve elevations in interleukin (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      )\u20101\u2010\u03b2, tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u20106, receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010kappa B ligand\/osteoprotegerin ratio, oxidative stress and Toll\u2010like receptor (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) 2\/4 expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periodontal therapy is safe and effective in people with diabetes, and it is associated with reductions in HbA1C of 0.27\u20130.48% after 3\u00a0months, although studies involving longer\u2010term follow\u2010up are inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The European Federation of Periodontology (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EFP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and the International Diabetes Federation (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) report consensus guidelines for physicians, oral healthcare professionals and patients to improve early diagnosis, prevention and comanagement of diabetes and periodontitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T10:46:46Z","timestamp":1503571606000},"page":"138-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":618,"title":["Scientific evidence on the links between periodontal diseases and diabetes: Consensus report and guidelines of the joint workshop on periodontal diseases and diabetes by the International Diabetes Federation and the European Federation of Periodontology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mariano","family":"Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ETEP Research Group Faculty of Odontology University Complutense of Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ceriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases IRCCS Multimedica  Sesto San Giovanni (MI) Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Buysschaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes University Clinic Saint Luc, UCL  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain","family":"Chapple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Institute of Clinical Sciences College of Medical &amp; 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