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This study evaluated if periodontal microbiome of T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> patients is affected by glycaemic status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>Twenty\u2010one T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> non\u2010smoking patients with chronic periodontitis and body mass index \u226440\u00a0kg\/m2<\/jats:sup> were allocated into two groups according to systemic glycaemic status: inadequate (DMI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 HbA1c\u00a0\u2265\u00a08%) and adequate (DMA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 HbA1c <7.8%). Subgingival biofilm was collected from sites with moderate (PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a04\u20136\u00a0mm) and severe disease (PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2265\u00a07\u00a0mm) in two quadrants. The V5\u2013V6 hypervariable region of the 16SrRNA<\/jats:styled-content> was sequenced using the GS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010FLX<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010454 Titanium platform. Sequences were compared with HOMD<\/jats:styled-content> database using QIIME<\/jats:styled-content> and PhyloToAST<\/jats:styled-content> pipelines. Statistical comparisons were made using two\u2010sample t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>DMA<\/jats:styled-content> microbiome presented higher diversity than DMI<\/jats:styled-content>. Inadequate glycaemic control favoured fermenting species, especially those associated with propionate\/succinate production, whereas those forming butyrate\/pyruvate was decreased in DMI<\/jats:styled-content>. Higher abundances of anginosus group and Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic> in DMI<\/jats:styled-content> may indicate that subgingival sites can be reservoir of potentially invasive pathogens. Altered subgingival microbiome in DMI<\/jats:styled-content> may represent an additional challenge in the periodontal treatment of these patients and in the prevention of more invasive infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Glycaemic status in T2DM<\/jats:styled-content> patients seems to modulate subgingival biofilm composition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T19:48:52Z","timestamp":1525895332000},"page":"932-940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Glycaemic status affects the subgingival microbiome of diabetic patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1584-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila L.","family":"Longo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shareef","family":"Dabdoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology College of Dentistry The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5844-1341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Purnima","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontology College of Dentistry The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilana P. 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