{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:43:41Z","timestamp":1770824621616,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to develop and validate a periodontal aesthetic\u2010specific tool to assess aesthetic conditions perceived by patients with periodontal problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hundred patients were interviewed that described the nonaesthetic gingival appearance. An item pool with 22 items was generated. Subsequently, expert opinion on the selected item pool was gathered. In accordance with expert opinions, the questionnaire was finalized by reducing the number of items to 7. The questionnaire tested on three patient groups (gingival recession group, gingival enlargement group and periodontal healthy group). Then, the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to the results of the exploratory factor analysis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EFA<\/jats:styled-content>), 1 item was removed from the scale. The final 6\u2010item questionnaire was shown to have a two\u2010domain structure. Cronbach's alpha for the whole scale was 0.766. The interclass correlation coefficients (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>s) values were between 0.98 and 1.00, demonstrating excellent agreement. Overall, these findings indicated that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Periodontal Aesthetic Perception Scale<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAPS<\/jats:styled-content>) has good reliability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This reliable, valid and short questionnaire specific to aesthetic conditions perceived by patients with periodontal problems may serve as a valued instrument in future clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,14]],"date-time":"2018-08-14T21:03:54Z","timestamp":1534280634000},"page":"1247-1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development and validation of the periodontal aesthetic perception scale in patients with periodontal problems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6662-3185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozge","family":"Gokturk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry AbantIzzetBaysal University  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8126-585X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"FatmaUcan","family":"Yarkac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Gaziosmanpasa University  Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulsah","family":"Basol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Measurement and Evaluation Faculty of Education Gaziosmanpasa University  Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"856","article-title":"Parameter on chronic periodontitis with advanced loss of periodontal support","volume":"71","author":"American Academy of Periodontology","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"851","article-title":"Parameter on plaque\u2010induced gingivitis","volume":"71","author":"American Academy of Periodontology","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01840.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01627.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050379"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2006.00930.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(97)00031-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-5742-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.3.286"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90142-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"889","article-title":"Measuring disease\u2010specific quality of life in clinical trials","volume":"134","author":"Guyatt G. 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