{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:19:45Z","timestamp":1776979185323,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]],"date-time":"2019-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the probiotic <jats:italic>Lactobacillus reuteri<\/jats:italic> as an adjunct to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A double\u2010blind, paralleled\u2010arm, placebo\u2010controlled and randomized clinical trial was conducted. Probiotics <jats:italic>L. reuteri<\/jats:italic> or placebo lozenges were randomly prescribed for use twice\u2010daily for 28\u00a0days. Primary outcomes were clinical attachment levels (CAL) and probing pocket depths (PPD). All participants underwent NSPT, and follow\u2010up clinical assessments were performed at day 90 and day 180.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The trial response rate was 69.5% (41 out of 59). Among the test and control groups, there were significant intra\u2010group differences in primary outcomes: CAL (both, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) and PPD (both, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001); and in secondary outcomes: percentage of sites with \u2018bleeding on probing\u2019 (both, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) and visible plaque (both, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). There were no statistically significant inter\u2010group differences in any outcomes at any time points (all, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05) nor in the changes in outcomes (\u2206) with time (all, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). There was a trend of a greater magnitude of statistical change occurring among the test group compared to the control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The adjunctive use of probiotics with NSPT did not show any additional clinical effectiveness when compared to NSPT alone in the management of periodontitis (ChiCTR\u2010IOR\u201017010526).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,3]],"date-time":"2019-09-03T19:56:40Z","timestamp":1567540600000},"page":"1217-1227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["A double\u2010blind, paralleled\u2010arm, placebo\u2010controlled and randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of probiotics as an adjunct in periodontal care"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1917-1988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Pelekos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sze Nga","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9319-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aneesha","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Dr D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1979-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai Keung","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9379-0889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colman","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/annals.1999.4.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000342079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2006.02837.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.056663-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350600801709"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2016.0278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food","author":"FAO\/WAO","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Quality of life: The assessment, analysis and reporting of patient\u2010reported outcomes","author":"Fayers P. 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