{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:33:41Z","timestamp":1788554021896,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,3]],"date-time":"2020-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the short\u2010term effects of hormonal events on gingival inflammation have been well described, long\u2010term effects on the periodontium have received less attention. The aim of this cross\u2010sectional population\u2010based study was to evaluate the association between hormone\u2010related events and periodontitis in a representative sample of the postmenopausal women of South Korea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 10,273 postmenopausal women representative of 6.1\u00a0million of Koreans were examined. Periodontitis and severe periodontitis were defined according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI\u00a0\u2267\u00a03 and CPI\u00a0=\u00a04, respectively). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses using 3\u00a0different models were applied controlling for age, smoking, marital status, educational level, income, BMI, hypertension, stress and frequency of toothbrushing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe periodontitis was directly associated with a longer reproductive life (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010trend\u00a0=\u00a0.027) and with a longer duration of breastfeeding (48\u201372 vs. 1\u201317\u00a0months: OR\u00a0=\u00a01.49; 95% CI: 1.01\u20132.21). Conversely, early menopausal age (&lt;46 vs. 49\u201350\u00a0years: OR\u00a0=\u00a00.74; 95% CI: 0.56\u20130.97), history of artificial menopause (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.72; 95% CI: 0.53\u20130.97), having had\u00a0more than 6 pregnancies (vs. 4: OR\u00a0=\u00a00.73; 95% CI: 0.55\u20130.97), having had\u00a0more than three abortions (vs. 0: OR\u00a0=\u00a00.51; 95% CI: 0.28\u20130.93) and having had\u00a0the first birth age &gt;26\u00a0years (vs. &lt;21\u00a0years: OR\u00a0=\u00a00.71; 95% CI: 0.52\u20130.97) were inversely associated with severe periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this large nationally representative population, severe periodontitis was related to menopausal age, reproductive life length, number of pregnancies\/abortions, first birth age and breastfeeding duration, while it was not to oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy usages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T02:00:55Z","timestamp":1578448855000},"page":"429-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Hormone\u2010related events and periodontitis in women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5646-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Romandini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Complutense University Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye\u2010Sun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene College of Health Sciences Sunmoon University Asan Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Romandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillo\u2010Facial Sciences \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5530-5280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreina","family":"Lafor\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Prosthodontics Policlinico \u201cUmberto I\u201d \u2013 \u201cG. Eastman\u201d Section Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Cordaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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