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Primary outcome was the changes in PPD. The treatment effects between groups were estimated with weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and prediction intervals (PI) by using random\u2010effects network meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two studies were included. Significantly greater PPD reduction was achieved in chlorhexidine chip group (WMD: 0.65\u00a0mm, 95% CI: 0.21\u20131.10) and tetracycline fibre group (WMD: 0.64\u00a0mm, 95% CI: 0.20\u20131.08) over 6\u2010month follow\u2010up. Other adjunctive antimicrobial agents achieved non\u2010significant improvements compared to scaling and root planing alone. All differences between adjunctive therapies were statistically non\u2010significant. Similar findings were observed for CAL gain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjunctive local antimicrobial agents achieved small additional PPD reduction and CAL gain in residual pockets for a follow\u2010up of up to 6\u00a0months. Tetracycline fibre and chlorhexidine chip achieved better results than other antimicrobials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,3]],"date-time":"2020-10-03T13:29:58Z","timestamp":1601731798000},"page":"1496-1510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Adjunctive local treatments for patients with residual pockets during supportive periodontal care: A systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8129-6701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen\u2010Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Periodontics Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Hao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Periodontics Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping\u2010Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Ting","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry Shin\u2010Kong Wu Ho\u2010Su Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark Yen\u2010Ping","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Periodontics Department of Dentistry National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2461-474X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Kang","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12420"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2017.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2383-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1995.80.1.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.8.1227"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.1340013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52116-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-012-1159-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12393"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01634.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.170172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-008-0565-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22449"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12048"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.1996.tb00085.x","article-title":"Ultrasonic instruments and antimicrobial agents in supportive periodontal treatment and retreatment of recurrent or refractory periodontitis","volume":"2000","author":"Drisko C. 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