{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:44:09Z","timestamp":1790394249148,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a critical liver disease showing potential progression to liver cirrhosis\/cancer. Previously, we had reported that odontogenic infection of <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>), a major periodontal pathogen, exacerbates fibrosis in NASH through the production of fibrosis mediators such as transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b21 (TGF\u2010\u03b21) and galectin\u20103. In this study, we determined the effects of therapeutic interventions using antibiotics on NASH progression induced by <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> odontogenic infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To eliminate <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> infection, the macrolide antibiotic [azithromycin (AZM)] was applied locally and\/or systemically to a high\u2010fat\u2010diet\u2010induced NASH mouse model with <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> odontogenic infection. After treatment with AZM, liver and periodontal tissues were analysed with focus on inflammation markers such as tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1)\/<jats:italic>Tnf\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2)\/<jats:italic>Il\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and fibrosis markers such as galectin\u20103, phosphorylated Smad2 (pSmad2; key signalling molecule of TGF\u2010\u03b21), and the number of hepatic crown\u2010like structures (hCLSs). Further, Non\u2010alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS), a common histological scoring system, and fibrosis area were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> odontogenic infection significantly increased the expression of <jats:italic>Tnf\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Il\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, galectin\u20103, and pSmad2, the number of hCLSs, and NAS score, whereas the elimination of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> odontogenic infection, especially local with or without systemic application, significantly inhibited them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that elimination of <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> odontogenic infection inhibited NASH progression induced by the infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,12]],"date-time":"2021-07-12T05:49:45Z","timestamp":1626068985000},"page":"1367-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Elimination of <scp><i>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/i><\/scp> inhibits liver fibrosis and inflammation in <scp>NASH<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7655-9658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsuhiro","family":"Nagasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinnichi","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minami","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisako","family":"Furusho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makiko","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Dental Medicine &amp; Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Takata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"},{"name":"Tokuyama University  Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7428-9703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mutsumi","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathobiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000320319"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"30574","article-title":"Immunomodulation mediated by azithromycin in experimental periapical inflammation","volume":"0099","author":"Andrada A. 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