{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T04:15:28Z","timestamp":1793852128102,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008978","name":"Philips Oral Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(EP\/S002979\/1)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(EP\/S002979\/1)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008978","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To discover and validate differential protein biomarker expression in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to discriminate objectively between periodontal health and plaque\u2010induced periodontal disease states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One\u2010hundred and ninety participants were recruited from two centres (Birmingham and Newcastle upon Tyne, UK) comprising healthy, gingivitis, periodontitis, and edentulous donors. Samples from the Birmingham cohort were analysed by quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics for biomarker discovery. Shortlisted candidate proteins were then verified by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay in both cohorts. Leave\u2010one\u2010out cross validation logistic regression analysis was used to identify the best performing biomarker panels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010five proteins were identified in both GCF and saliva samples, and 15 candidate proteins were selected based upon differences discovered between the donor groups. The best performing panels to distinguish between: health or gingivitis and periodontitis contained matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (MMP9), S100A8, alpha\u20101\u2010acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), pyruvate kinase, and age (area under the curve [AUC] 0.970); health and gingivitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, and pyruvate kinase, but not age (AUC 0.768); and mild to moderate and advanced periodontitis contained MMP9, S100A8, A1AGP, pyruvate kinase, and age (AUC 0.789).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Biomarker panels containing four proteins with and without age as a further parameter can distinguish between periodontal health and disease states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T07:12:32Z","timestamp":1650611552000},"page":"622-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Discovery, validation, and diagnostic ability of multiple protein\u2010based biomarkers in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid to distinguish between health and periodontal diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1154-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa M.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences University of Birmingham and Birmingham Dental Hospital (Birmingham Community Healthcare Trust)  Birmingham 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