{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:29:37Z","timestamp":1767846577089,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,19]],"date-time":"2022-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autologous bone grafts consolidate faster than bone graft substitutes (BGSs) but resorb over time, which compromises implant support. We hypothesized that differences in consolidation rates affected the mechanical properties of grafts and implant stability, and tested whether a pro\u2010osteogenic protein, liposomal WNT3A (L\u2010WNT3A), could accelerate graft consolidation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A transgenic mouse model of sinus augmentation with immunohistochemistry, enzymatic assays, and histology were used to quantitatively evaluate the osteogenic properties of autografts and BGSs. Composite and finite element modelling compared changes in the mechanical properties of grafts during healing until consolidation, and secondary implant stability following remodelling activities. BGSs were combined with L\u2010WNT3A and tested for its osteogenic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with autografts, BGSs were bioinert and lacked osteoprogenitor cells. While in autografted sinuses, new bone arose evenly from all living autograft particles, new bone around BGSs solely initiated at the sinus floor, from the internal maxillary periosteum. WNT treatment of BGSs resulted in significantly higher expression levels of pro\u2010osteogenic proteins (Osterix, Collagen I, alkaline phosphatase) and lower levels of bone\u2010resorbing activity (tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase activity); together, these features culminated in faster new bone formation, comparable to that of an autograft.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>WNT\u2010treated BGSs supported faster consolidation, and because BGSs typically resist resorption, their use may be superior to autografts for sinus augmentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T10:29:21Z","timestamp":1655461761000},"page":"782-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A WNT protein therapeutic accelerates consolidation of a bone graft substitute in a 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