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Participants with a previous history of hypertension and aged \u226560\u2009years were included in the analysis. All of them received a full\u2010mouth periodontal examination and cognitive function assessments (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) and Mini\u2010Mental State Examination [MMSE]). Plasma levels of amyloid beta (A\u03b2)<jats:sub>1\u201040<\/jats:sub>, A\u03b2<jats:sub>1\u201042<\/jats:sub>, phosphorylated and total Tau (p\u2010Tau and t\u2010Tau) were determined at baseline, 12 and 24\u2009months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periodontitis was associated with poor cognitive performance (MMSE: <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22121.5 [0.6]) and progression of cognitive impairment (hazard ratio [HR]\u2009=\u20091.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.0\u20133.1). Subjects with periodontitis showed greater baseline levels of p\u2010Tau (1.6 [0.7] vs. 1.2 [0.2] pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and A\u03b2<jats:sub>1\u201040<\/jats:sub> (242.1 [77.3] vs. 208.2 [73.8] pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.036) compared with those without periodontitis. Concentrations of the latter protein also increased over time only in the periodontitis group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.005).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline and its progression in elderly patients with a previous history of hypertension. Overexpression of p\u2010Tau and A\u03b2<jats:sub>1\u201040<\/jats:sub> may play a role in this association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T05:38:24Z","timestamp":1692423504000},"page":"1444-1454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Association of periodontitis with cognitive decline and its progression: Contribution of blood\u2010based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease to this relationship"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Carballo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit, Faculty of Odontology and Medicine University of Santiago de Compostela  Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iria","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Dequidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke 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