{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:18:56Z","timestamp":1773245936642,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22H03299"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22H03299"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H03153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H03153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K17265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K17265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K19635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K19635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20H00557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20H00557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K20909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K20909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K24060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K24060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K19455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K19455"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K19818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K19818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K11657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K11657"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K10641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K10641"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19K04785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K04785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H03860"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03860"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H03915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03915"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19H03901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23FA1022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23FA1022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22FA1010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22FA1010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22FA2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22FA2001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21FA1012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21FA1012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19FA2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19FA2001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19FA1012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19FA1012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22lk0310087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22lk0310087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21dk0110037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21dk0110037"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21lk0310073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21lk0310073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20dk0110034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20dk0110034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002241","name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJOP1831"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJOP1831"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018048","name":"Sasakawa Sports Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019434","name":"Japan Health Promotion and Fitness Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019567","name":"Chiba Foundation for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019567","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020614","name":"Niimi University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1915010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1915010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tooth loss has various causes; however, its cause\u2010specific effects on health outcomes remain unclear. This study evaluated whether the association between past\/current smoking and risk of dementia was mediated by tooth loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This 9\u2010year\u2010follow\u2010up prospective cohort study targeted adults aged \u226565\u2009years. Dementia incidence during 2013\u20132019, smoking status (never, past\/current) in 2010 and the number of remaining teeth (\u226419, \u226520) in 2013 were the outcome, exposure and mediator, respectively. We used causal mediation analysis to fit the Cox proportional hazards model and estimated the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the natural indirect effect (NIE) of smoking on dementia incidence through tooth loss and their mediated proportions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 32,986 participants (mean age 72.6\u2009years [1 SD\u2009=\u20095.4]; men 48.4%), the dementia incidence during follow\u2010up was 2.11\/100 person\u2010years. Tooth loss significantly mediated the association between past\/current smoking and dementia incidence; the NIE of fewer remaining teeth for past\/current smokers compared to never smokers was HR\u2009=\u20091.03 (95% CI: 1.02\u20131.05), and the mediated proportion was 18.0%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tooth loss significantly mediates the association between past\/current smoking and an increased risk of dementia among older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T10:55:11Z","timestamp":1707303311000},"page":"1610-1618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tooth loss mediates the association between smoking and an increased risk of dementia among older adults: The <scp>JAGES<\/scp> prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Taro","family":"Kusama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"},{"name":"Department of International and Community Oral Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"},{"name":"Department of International and Community Oral Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sakura","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International and Community Oral Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"},{"name":"Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University  Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yudai","family":"Tamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International and Community Oral Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Tabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Control Center Osaka International Cancer Institute  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Osaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International and Community Oral Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry  Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17978"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005084.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515598961"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy236"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2016.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31816bbe14"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514537828"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211049399"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20160093"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214444"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13372"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13243"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13240"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12398"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-055874"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001064"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0930-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277540"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14791"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61176-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","volume-title":"Explanation in causal inference: Methods for mediation and interaction","author":"VanderWeele T.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-032315-021402"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jci-2012-0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007868.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13921"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa020"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Assessment of validity of self\u2010reported smoking status","volume":"23","author":"Wong S. L.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab087"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118333"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Periodontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpe.13959","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpe.13959","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T01:34:10Z","timestamp":1737336850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcpe.13959"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcpe.13959"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpe.13959","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-6979","1600-051X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-6979","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-051X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}