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Reads were pre\u2010processed using mothur and classified using the HOMD database. A total of 522 samples were analysed to evaluate diversity estimates and bacterial relative abundance, identifying discriminant features via LEfSe, while predictions of functional potential were obtained using PICRUSt2. Bacterial co\u2010occurrence networks were constructed, and dysbiosis was measured by employing the subgingival microbiome dysbiosis index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peri\u2010implantitis showed higher bacterial diversity compared to health and greater microbial richness than peri\u2010mucositis. Each clinical condition displayed a distinct community structure and bacterial co\u2010occurrence networks. The representative species in peri\u2010implant health were\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Rothia aeria<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>R. dentocariosa<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Veillonella parvula_dispar<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Peri\u2010mucositis is characterised by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Leptotrichia hongkongensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>L. wadei<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      subsp.\n                      <jats:italic>polymorphum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , while peri\u2010implantitis is defined by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      subsp.\n                      <jats:italic>vincentii<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Tannerella\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">forsythia<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      . Peri\u2010implantitis exhibited enrichment in predicted microbial pathogenesis pathways and greater bacterial dysbiosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results provide deeper insights into the peri\u2010implant microbiome, identifying key bacterial species, functional processes and interactions that may be crucial to inflammation and destruction during peri\u2010implant diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.70024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T02:55:06Z","timestamp":1756263306000},"page":"1662-1672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Profiling the Bacterial Microbiome Across Peri\u2010Implant 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