{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:50:02Z","timestamp":1792504202369,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270979"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270979"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clinic Periodontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the association between tryptophan\u2010derived microbial metabolites and periodontitis, and to assess whether the differential tryptophan metabolite indole\u20103\u2010acetic acid (IAA) could ameliorate periodontitis and elucidate its potential mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between tryptophan\u2010derived metabolites and periodontitis was evaluated using targeted metabolomics analysis, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and correlation analysis. The impact of the differential metabolite IAA on periodontitis was assessed with micro\u2010computed tomography (micro\u2010CT), histological staining and real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010qPCR). The effects of IAA on macrophages under an inflammatory microenvironment, along with its potential mechanism, were explored using RT\u2010qPCR, enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IAA, a differential tryptophan metabolite, was identified in the saliva of patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals. Local application of IAA in experimental mice with periodontitis alleviated the immune\u2010inflammatory response and reduced periodontal tissue destruction. Mechanistically, IAA induced M2 macrophage polarisation by activating the AhR\/CYP1A1 axis, thereby contributing to the amelioration of periodontal destruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the potential role of the microbial metabolite IAA in the development and treatment of periodontitis, offering a new perspective for intervention strategies based on microbial metabolites for periodontitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.70064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T23:16:25Z","timestamp":1764026185000},"page":"644-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Tryptophan\u2010Derived Microbial Metabolite Indole\u20103\u2010Acetic Acid Ameliorates Periodontitis Through\n                    <scp>AhR<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>CYP1A1<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Mediated Macrophage Polarisation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Shuyu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology Nanjing University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology Nanjing University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Institute of Stomatology Nanjing University  Nanjing 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