{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:34:33Z","timestamp":1785425673232,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]],"date-time":"2014-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bureau of Health Promotion"},{"name":"Taiwan Ministry of Health Welfare"},{"name":"R.O.C.","award":["DOH99-HP-1205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOH99-HP-1205"]}]},{"name":"R.O.C.","award":["DMR-103-018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-103-018"]}]},{"name":"R.O.C.","award":["DMR-103-020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-103-020"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence","award":["MOHW103-TDU-B-212-113002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW103-TDU-B-212-113002"]}]},{"name":"Health and welfare surcharge of tobacco products"},{"name":"China Medical University Hospital Cancer Research Center of Excellence","award":["MOHW103-TD-B-111-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOHW103-TD-B-111-03"]}]},{"name":"International Research-Intensive Centers of Excellence in Taiwan","award":["NSC101-2911-I-002-303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC101-2911-I-002-303"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Previous studies have posited conflicting results regarding the relationship between neonatal jaundice and the subsequent risk of attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). We therefore performed a large population study with a defined neonatal jaundice cohort to investigate the incidence and risk of physician\u2010diagnosed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in Taiwan.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 2000 to 2004, 24,950 neonatal jaundice cases and 69,964 matched nonjaundice controls were identified. At the end of 2008, the incidence rate and hazard ratios (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) of physician\u2010diagnosed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were calculated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The incidence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was 2.48\u2010fold greater in the jaundice cohort than in the nonjaundice cohort (3.84 vs. 1.51 per 100,000 person\u2010years) in the study period. The\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was substantially greater for male, preterm, and low\u2010birth\u2010weight infants with neonatal jaundice. The risk of developing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in the jaundice cohort was greater after a diagnosis of neonatal jaundice for more than 6\u00a0years (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 2.64; 95% confidence interval: 2.13\u20133.28). The risk of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      increased for neonates with higher serum bilirubin levels requiring phototherapy and with longer admission days.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Neonates with jaundice are at high risk for developing physician\u2010diagnosed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      during their growth period. A risk alert regarding neurologic consequences is urgently required after a neonatal jaundice diagnosis. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the pathogenesis of these relationships.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]],"date-time":"2014-07-24T01:50:59Z","timestamp":1406166659000},"page":"460-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Neonatal jaundice and increased risk of attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder: a population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Chang\u2010Ching","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Hung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Sunshine Psychiatric Hospital Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Li","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Office for Health Data China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Ni","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsai\u2010Chung","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Administration College of Health Science Asia University Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biostatistics College of Management China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia\u2010Hung","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and mutation of the bilirubin uridine diphosphate\u2010glucuronosyltransferase gene: A common missense mutation among Japanese, Koreans and Chinese","volume":"46","author":"Akaba K.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 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