{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:29:59Z","timestamp":1792031399927,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]],"date-time":"2015-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008021","name":"Bristol Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Otsuka"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH069942"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH069942"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"General Clinical Research Center","award":["M01RR10710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01RR10710"]}]},{"name":"Stony Brook University, National Center for Research Resources"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the predictive validity and clinical significance of chronic irritability during early childhood. This prospective, longitudinal study examined associations of preschool chronic irritability with psychiatric disorders, functional impairment, and service use at age nine in a large community sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four hundred and forty\u2010six children were assessed at age three and again at age nine. Child psychopathology and functional impairment were assessed at age three with the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) with parents and at age nine with the Kiddie\u2010Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SADS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) with parents and children. Items from the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAPA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were used to create a dimensional measure of chronic irritability at age three. At age nine, mothers, fathers, and youth completed the Child Depression Inventory (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and the Screen for Anxiety Related Disorders (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCARED<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chronic irritability at age three predicted any current and lifetime anxiety disorders at age nine, current and lifetime generalized anxiety disorder, and current separation anxiety, after controlling for baseline anxiety disorders. In addition, preschool irritability predicted increases in anxiety and disruptive behavior disorder symptoms on the K\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SADS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and maternal and paternal reports of depressive and anxiety symptoms on the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCARED<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Lastly, preschool irritability predicted greater functional impairment and outpatient treatment use, even after controlling for all psychiatric disorders at baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings underscore the central role of irritability in developmental psychopathology and support the importance of early detection and interventions targeting preschool irritability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]],"date-time":"2015-02-27T08:58:42Z","timestamp":1425027522000},"page":"999-1007","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Preschool irritability predicts child psychopathology, functional impairment, and service use at age nine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Lea R.","family":"Dougherty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria C.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara J.","family":"Bufferd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology California State University San Marcos San Marcos CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Kessel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle A.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel N.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Axelson D. Birmaher B. Zelazny J. Kaufman J. &Gill M.K.(2009).The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia\u2010Present and Lifetime Version (K\u2010SADS\u2010PL) 2009 Working Draft. Advanced Centre for Intervention and Services Research Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic. 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