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This study examined whether toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) display temperamental vulnerabilities compared to toddlers with other developmental challenges, whether these characteristics are distinct from core autism symptoms, if they are stable over time, and if they contribute to social outcomes in preschool.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Parents of 165 toddlers with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , 58 nonverbal ability\u2010 and chronological age\u2010 (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) matched developmentally delayed (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) toddlers, and 92\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010matched typically developing (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) toddlers completed the Toddler Behavior Assessment Questionnaire\u2010Supplemental (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBAQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010S) at 26\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a06; Time 1).\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBAQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010S data were also available for a subset of toddlers with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      126) at 43\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a09; Time 2).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      groups, toddlers with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      exhibited vulnerabilities within the Effortful Control domain as well as the Surgency domain. They also displayed greater Negative Emotionality compared to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      peers. In the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group, temperamental characteristics were not concurrently related to autism severity or developmental level and individual differences were highly stable over time. Changes in Perceptual Sensitivity, Inhibitory Control, and Low\u2010Intensity Pleasure from age 2 to 3.5 uniquely predicted autism symptom severity and adaptive social skill level at Time 2.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Temperamental vulnerabilities in toddlers with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      are stable over time and involve attentional and behavioral control as well as affective reactivity. They contribute uniquely to social outcomes in preschool and are likely to signal risk for developing later maladaptive attentional, affective, and behavioral symptoms. Considering biologically based dimensions may shed light on noncore facets of the early\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      phenotype that are potentially relevant to the emergence of comorbid conditions later in childhood.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T03:22:43Z","timestamp":1489980163000},"page":"819-828","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Temperamental markers in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Suzanne L.","family":"Macari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Study Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judah","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston Scientific Corporation Santa Clarita CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Chawarska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Study Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Backen\u2010Jones L. 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