{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:41:30Z","timestamp":1791826890015,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]],"date-time":"2017-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/M021475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/M021475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0901245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0901245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG046938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG046938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["602768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["602768"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["295366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["295366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["643051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["643051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Integration of positive psychology into clinical research and treatment has been slow. This integration can be facilitated by the conceptualisation of mental disorders as the high, symptomatic extreme of continuous normal variation. This assumes that there is also a low, positive extreme, which is, however, unchartered territory. This study aims to examine how well current measures capture the low extreme of mental disorder continua, using attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as an example.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ability of three validated scales to capture ADHD as a continuous trait was examined using Item Response Theory in a sample of 9,882 adolescents from the UK population\u2010representative Twins Early Development Study. These scales were: the Strengths and Weakness of ADHD Symptoms and Normal behaviour scale (SWAN), Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ \u2013 hyperactivity subscale), and Conners\u2019 Parent Rating Scale (Conners).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Only the SWAN reliably differentiated interindividual differences between participants lying at any level of the continuous ADHD latent trait, including the extreme low, positive end (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010scores from \u22123 to +3). The SDQ showed low reliability across the ADHD latent trait. In contrast, the Conners performed best at differentiating individuals scoring at or above the mean to the high symptomatic range (\n                      <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010scores from 0 to +3). The SWAN was the only measure to provide indicators of \u2018positive mental health\u2019, endorsed in the presence of particularly good attentive abilities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scales such as the SWAN that reliably capture ADHD as a continuous trait, including the positive end, are important for not missing meaningful variation in population\u2010based studies. Indicators of positive mental health may be helpful in clinical practice, as positive attributes have been shown to directly influence as well as buffer negative effects of psychiatric symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12786","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]],"date-time":"2017-07-21T05:52:42Z","timestamp":1500616362000},"page":"203-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["From positive psychology to psychopathology: the continuum of attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corina U.","family":"Greven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Radboud University Medical Center Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Medical Research Council Social, Genetic &amp; Developmental Psychiatry Centre Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8288-7757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan K.","family":"Buitelaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Radboud University Medical Center Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni A.","family":"Salum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0on Negative Affect and Social Processes Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents","volume":"5","author":"Angold A.","year":"1995","journal-title":"International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054711427399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"The basics of item response theory","author":"Baker F.B.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431X20154528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2011.02511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022602400621"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-012-9693-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.161.7.1159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115365109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007870050057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054715577136"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.04.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-015-0766-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2015.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4163"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","first-page":"e010091","article-title":"Towards a \u2018patient\u2010centred\u2019 operationalisation of the new dynamic concept of health: A mixed methods study","volume":"6","author":"Huber M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"British Medical Journal Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.6.2.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2010.192245"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.15.4.143","article-title":"Quantile regression: An\u00a0introduction","volume":"15","author":"Koenker R.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Economic Perspectives"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.77.2.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","unstructured":"Lamers S.(2012).Positive mental health: Measurement relevance and implications. PhD thesis. University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.56.1.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006824100041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023678"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2670"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12381"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.10.2.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","volume-title":"Manual for Raven's progressive matrices and vocabulary scales","author":"Raven J.C.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716000520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-011-9545-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wpsyc.2012.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-012-0135-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-1238"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjcpp.12786","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpp.12786","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jcpp.12786","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jcpp.12786","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T18:57:30Z","timestamp":1762196250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jcpp.12786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jcpp.12786"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.12786","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9630","1469-7610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9630","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]]}}}