{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:57:26Z","timestamp":1780066646291,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD073202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD073202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1F31MH100814\u201001A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1F31MH100814\u201001A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Externalizing problems, including aggression and conduct problems, are thought to involve impaired attentional capacities. Previous research suggests that the P3 event\u2010related potential (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) component is an index of attentional processing, and diminished P3 amplitudes to infrequent stimuli have been shown to be associated with externalizing problems and attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). However, the vast majority of this prior work has been cross\u2010sectional and has not examined young children. The present study is the first investigation of whether\n                      <jats:italic>within<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010individual changes in P3 amplitude predict changes in externalizing problems, providing a stronger test of developmental process.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants included a community sample of children (\n                      <jats:italic>N\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      153) followed longitudinally at 30, 36, and 42\u00a0months of age. Children completed an oddball task while\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      data were recorded. Parents rated their children's aggression and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Children's within\u2010individual changes in the P3 amplitude predicted concomitant within\u2010child changes in their aggression such that smaller P3 amplitudes (relative to a child's own mean) were associated with more aggression symptoms. However, changes in P3 amplitudes were not significantly associated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings suggest that the P3 may play a role in development of aggression, but do not support the notion that the P3 plays a role in development of early\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADHD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      symptoms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T00:11:08Z","timestamp":1537920668000},"page":"1044-1051","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A longitudinal, within\u2010person investigation of the association between the P3\n                    <scp>ERP<\/scp>\n                    component and externalizing behavior problems in young children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3072-6673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac T.","family":"Petersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline P.","family":"Hoyniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Bates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela D.","family":"Staples","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Eastern Michigan University Ypsilanti MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis L.","family":"Molfese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Nebraska\u2010Lincoln Lincoln NE USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA Preschool Forms and Profiles: An integrated system of multi\u2010informant assessment","author":"Achenbach 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