{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T20:43:06Z","timestamp":1782333786908,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,25]],"date-time":"2019-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G0802821"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G0802821"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Child Psychology Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) is a common reaction to trauma in children and adolescents. While a significant minority of trauma\u2010exposed youth go on to have persistent\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , many youths who initially have a severe traumatic stress response undergo natural recovery. The present study investigated the role of cognitive processes in shaping the early reactions of child and adolescents to traumatic stressors, and the transition to persistent clinically significant post\u2010traumatic stress symptoms (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A prospective longitudinal study of youth aged 8\u201317\u00a0years who had attended a hospital emergency department following single trauma was undertaken, with assessments performed at 2\u20134\u00a0weeks (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0226) and 2\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0208) post\u2010trauma. Acute stress disorder and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were assessed using a structured interview, while\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , depression severity and peritraumatic and post\u2010traumatic cognitive processes were assessed using self\u2010report questionnaires. On the basis of their\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scores at each assessment, participants were categorised as being on a resilient, recovery or persistent trajectory.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      decreased between the two assessments. Cognitive processes at the 2\u2010 to 4\u2010week assessment accounted for the most variance in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      at both the initial and follow\u2010up assessment. The\n                      <jats:italic>onset<\/jats:italic>\n                      of post\u2010traumatic stress was associated particularly with peritraumatic subjective threat, data\u2010driven processing and pain. Its maintenance was associated with greater peritraumatic dissociation and panic, and post\u2010traumatic persistent dissociation, trauma memory quality, rumination and negative appraisals. Efforts to deliberately process the trauma were more common in youth who experienced the onset of clinically significant\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Regression modelling indicated that the predictive effect of baseline negative appraisals remained when also accounting for baseline\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and depression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cognitive processes play an important role in the onset and maintenance of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in children and adolescents exposed to trauma. Trauma\u2010related appraisals play a particular role when considering whether youth make the transition from clinically significant acute\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      to persistent\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T01:03:05Z","timestamp":1553562185000},"page":"875-884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["A core role for cognitive processes in the acute onset and maintenance of post\u2010traumatic stress in children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0262-623X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Meiser\u2010Stedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology University of East Anglia Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Emotional Health Department of Psychology Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Partnership National Health Service Foundation Trust Sussex UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge 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